Citește codul cu atenție

class Positive:
    def __set_name__(self, owner, name: str) -> None:
        self.name = name

    def __get__(self, instance, owner):
        if instance is None:
            return self
        return instance.__dict__[self.name]

    def __set__(self, instance, value) -> None:
        if not isinstance(value, int) or value <= 0:
            raise ValueError(f"{self.name} must be positive int, got {value!r}")
        instance.__dict__[self.name] = value


class Account:
    balance = Positive()
    age = Positive()


a = Account()
a.balance = 100
a.age = 30
print(a.balance, a.age)

try:
    a.balance = -5
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"rejected: {e}")

# Class-level access returns the descriptor itself, not a value
print(type(Account.balance).__name__)

# Per-instance values are independent
b = Account()
b.balance = 200
print(a.balance, b.balance)

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