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class CacheAside:
    def __init__(self, db):
        self.cache = {}
        self.db = db
        self.log = []

    def read(self, key):
        if key in self.cache:
            self.log.append("hit")
            return self.cache[key]
        self.log.append("miss")
        # Fall back to DB.
        value = self.db[key]
        self.log.append("db")
        self.cache[key] = value
        return value

    def invalidate(self, key):
        self.cache.pop(key, None)

DB = {"product:1": "Widget", "product:2": "Gadget"}
c = CacheAside(DB)

c.read("product:1")    # first read — cold cache
c.read("product:1")    # second read — should hit
c.read("product:2")    # different key — cold
c.invalidate("product:1")
c.read("product:1")    # invalidated — back to db

print("\n".join(c.log))

# What does this print? Type your prediction.

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